Software Development

Basics of DBMS

Learn database fundamentals, relational models, and basic SQL queries.

Basics of DBMS
Track Software Development
Duration 60 hours
Skill Level Foundation
Language English

About this Course

Learn database fundamentals, relational models, and basic SQL queries.
Learning Mode: Learn at ALC or at Home

Detailed Course Curriculum

Hands-on module breakdown aligned with MKCL production standards and industry requirements.

  • Introduction
  • History of DBMS
  • Purpose of Database Systems
  • Advantages of using the DBMS approach
  • DBMS Advantage_1
  • DBMS Advantage_1
  • DBMS Advantage_2
  • DBMS Advantage_2
  • DBMS Advantage_3
  • DBMS Advantage_3
  • DBMS Advantage_4
  • DBMS Advantage_4
  • Disadvantages of using the DBMS approach
  • DBMS and its applications
  • Enterprise Information
  • Enterprise Information
  • Banking and Finance
  • Banking and Finance
  • Example of a Database
  • Simple example of real-world entities and their relationships
  • Simple example of real-world entities and their relationships
  • Example of a Database with a Conceptual Data Model
  • Example of a Database with a Conceptual Data Model
  • Architecture of DBMS
  • Data Models, Schemas and Instances
  • Categories of Data Models
  • Relational Model
  • Relational Model
  • Entity-Relationship Model
  • Entity-Relationship Model
  • Object-Based Data Model
  • Object-Based Data Model
  • Semi-structured Data Model
  • Semi-structured Data Model
  • Database Schema vs Database State
  • Data-Manipulation Language (DML)
  • Types of DML
  • Types of DML
  • Data-Definition Language (DDL)
  • Database Administrators and Database Users
  • Database Administrators and Database Users
  • Database Users and User Interfaces
  • User-Friendly DBMS Interfaces
  • User-Friendly DBMS Interfaces
  • Other DBMS Interfaces
  • Other DBMS Interfaces
  • The Database System Environment
  • Database System Utilities
  • Centralized and Client/Server Architecture for DBMS
  • Physical Centralized Architecture
  • Physical Centralized Architecture
  • 2-tier Client-Server Architecture
  • 2-tier Client-Server Architecture
  • 3-tier Client-Server Architecture
  • 3-tier Client-Server Architecture
  • Benefits of the Oracle Client/Server Architecture
  • Benefits of the Oracle Client/Server Architecture
  • Conceptual Design using ERD
  • High-Level Conceptual Data Models
  • High-Level Conceptual Data Models
  • Introduction to ER Model
  • Symbols in ER Diagram
  • Entity types
  • Entity Sets
  • Attributes
  • Simple and Composite Attributes
  • Simple and Composite Attributes
  • Domain of Attributes and Key Attributes
  • Domain of Attributes and Key Attributes
  • Single Valued and Multi Valued Attributes
  • Single Valued and Multi Valued Attributes
  • Stored and Derived Attributes
  • Stored and Derived Attributes
  • Entity-Set and Keys
  • Relationship
  • Relationship Types
  • Relationship Types
  • Degree of a Relationship
  • Relational Model Integrity
  • Constraints
  • Key Constraints
  • Key Constraints
  • Domain Constraints
  • Domain Constraints
  • Referential Integrity Constraints
  • Referential Integrity Constraints
  • Need for Foreign Key
  • Need for Foreign Key
  • Foreign Key Constraint
  • Foreign Key Constraint
  • Participation Constraints
  • Participation Constraints
  • Keys in DBMS
  • Need for Composite Primary Key
  • Need for Composite Primary Key
  • ER Diagram
  • ER Diagram
  • Naming Conventions
  • ER Design Issues
  • Structural Constraints
  • Mapping Cardinality - Example
  • Mapping Cardinality - Example
  • Strong Entity Set 1
  • Strong Entity Set 1
  • Strong Entity Set 2
  • Strong Entity Set 2
  • Weak Entity Set 1
  • Weak Entity Set 1
  • Weak Entity Set 2
  • Weak Entity Set 2
  • Constraints Summary
  • Generalization_1
  • Generalization_2
  • Generalization_2
  • Specialization_1
  • Specialization_1
  • Specialization_2
  • Relational Model
  • Relational Model Concepts
  • Relational Model Concepts
  • Informal Definitions
  • Informal Definitions
  • Formal Definitions
  • Formal Definitions
  • Structure of Relational Databases_1
  • Structure of Relational Databases_1
  • Structure of Relational Databases_2
  • Structure of Relational Databases_2
  • Structure of Relational Databases_3
  • Structure of Relational Databases_3
  • Database Schema_1
  • Database Schema_1
  • Database Schema_2
  • Database Schema_2
  • Characteristics of Relations_1
  • Characteristics of Relations_1
  • Relational Integrity Constraints
  • Relational Integrity Constraints
  • Entity Integrity
  • Referential Integrity
  • Other Types of Data Constraints_1
  • Other Types of Data Constraints_2
  • Other Types of Data Constraints_2
  • Semantic Integrity Constraints
  • Semantic Integrity Constraints
  • Domains, Attributes, Tuples and Relations
  • Represent all the Entities and Relationships in Tabular Fashion_1
  • Represent all the Entities and Relationships in Tabular Fashion_1
  • Represent all the Entities and Relationships in Tabular Fashion_2
  • Represent all the Entities and Relationships in Tabular Fashion_3
  • Represent all the Entities and Relationships in Tabular Fashion_4
  • Relational Algebra
  • Introduction_1
  • Introduction_1
  • Introduction_2
  • Introduction_2
  • PRELIMINARIES_1
  • PRELIMINARIES_1
  • PRELIMINARIES_2
  • PRELIMINARIES_2
  • Selection and Projection_1
  • Selection and Projection_1
  • Selection and Projection_2
  • Selection and Projection_2
  • Unary Operations_1
  • Unary Operations_1
  • Unary Operations_2
  • Unary Operations_2
  • The SELECT Operation
  • The SELECT Operation
  • PROJECT Operation_1
  • PROJECT Operation_2
  • Sequences of Operations and the RENAME Operation
  • Sequences of Operations and the RENAME Operation with an Example
  • Set Theory Operations
  • The UNION, INTERSECTION and MINUS Operations_1
  • The UNION, INTERSECTION and MINUS Operations_1
  • The UNION, INTERSECTION and MINUS Operations_2
  • The UNION, INTERSECTION and MINUS Operations_2
  • The UNION, INTERSECTION and MINUS Operations - Examples
  • The UNION, INTERSECTION and MINUS Operations - Examples
  • The CARTESIAN PRODUCT (CROSS PRODUCT) Operation
  • The CARTESIAN PRODUCT (CROSS PRODUCT) Operation- Examples 1
  • The CARTESIAN PRODUCT (CROSS PRODUCT) Operation- Examples 1
  • The CARTESIAN PRODUCT (CROSS PRODUCT) Operation- Examples 2
  • The CARTESIAN PRODUCT (CROSS PRODUCT) Operation- Examples 2
  • The CARTESIAN PRODUCT (CROSS PRODUCT) Operation- Examples 3
  • The CARTESIAN PRODUCT (CROSS PRODUCT) Operation- Examples 3
  • Binary Relational and Additional Relational operations
  • The JOIN Operation
  • The JOIN Operation- Example
  • The JOIN Operation- Example
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_1
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_1
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_2
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_2
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_3
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_3
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_4
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_4
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_5
  • The EQUIJOIN and NATURAL JOIN_5
  • Complete Set of Relational Algebra Operations_1
  • DIVISION Operation_1
  • DIVISION Operation_1
  • Complete Set of Relational Algebra Operations_2
  • DIVISION Operation_2
  • DIVISION Operation_2
  • List of Operators with Purpose
  • Additional Relational Operations and Generalized Projection
  • Aggregate Functions and Grouping_1
  • Aggregate Functions and Grouping_1
  • Aggregate Functions and Grouping_2
  • Aggregate Functions and Grouping_2
  • Recursive Closure Operations_1
  • Recursive Closure Operations_1
  • Recursive Closure Operations_2
  • Recursive Closure Operations_2
  • OUTER JOIN Operations_1
  • OUTER JOIN Operations_1
  • OUTER JOIN Operations_2
  • OUTER JOIN Operations_2
  • The OUTER UNION Operation_1
  • The OUTER UNION Operation_1
  • The OUTER UNION Operation_2
  • The OUTER UNION Operation_2
  • Examples of Queries in Relational Algebra_1
  • Examples of Queries in Relational Algebra_2
  • Examples of Queries in Relational Algebra_2
  • Examples of Queries in Relational Algebra
  • Relational Database Design using ER-to-Relational Mapping
  • Procedure to Create a Relational Schema from an Entity-Relationship (ER)
  • Mapping of Regular Entity Types
  • Mapping of Regular Entity Types
  • Mapping of Weak Entity Types
  • Mapping of Weak Entity Types
  • Mapping of Binary 1:1 Relationship Types
  • Mapping of Binary 1:1 Relationship Types
  • The Foreign Key Approach_1
  • The Foreign Key Approach_1
  • The Foreign Key Approach_2
  • The Foreign Key Approach_2
  • Merged Relation Approach
  • Merged Relation Approach
  • Cross-reference or Relationship Relation Approach_1
  • Cross-reference or Relationship Relation Approach_1
  • Cross-reference or Relationship Relation Approach_2
  • Cross-reference or Relationship Relation Approach_2
  • Mapping of Binary 1: N Relationship Types 1
  • Mapping of Binary 1: N Relationship Types 2
  • Mapping of Binary 1: N Relationship Types 2
  • Mapping of Binary M: N Relationship Types 1
  • Mapping of Binary M: N Relationship Types 1
  • Mapping of Binary M: N Relationship Types 2
  • Mapping of Binary M: N Relationship Types 2
  • Mapping of Multivalued Attributes 1
  • Mapping of Multivalued Attributes 1
  • Mapping of Multivalued Attributes 2
  • Mapping of Multivalued Attributes 2
  • Mapping of N-ary Relationship Types
  • Mapping of N-ary Relationship Types
  • SQL
  • Introduction
  • Introduction
  • SQL Data Definition and commands
  • SQL Data Definition and commands
  • SQL Data Types 1
  • SQL Data Types 1
  • SQL Data Types 2
  • SQL Data Types 2
  • Operators and Expressions
  • Operators and Expressions
  • Credit 1 End Test
  • MYSQL Installation - Demo
  • SQL Server Management Studio - Demo 1
  • SQL Server Management Studio - Demo 2
  • SQL Server with Visual Studio - Demo 1
  • SQL Server with Visual Studio - Demo 2
  • Schema and Catalog Concepts in SQL_1
  • Schema and Catalog Concepts in SQL_2
  • The CREATE TABLE Command in SQL
  • The CREATE TABLE Command in SQL Examples
  • The CREATE TABLE Command in SQL Examples
  • Attribute Data Types and Domains in SQL
  • Basic Data Types
  • Basic Data Types
  • Additional Data Types
  • Additional Data Types
  • Specifying Constraints in SQL
  • Specifying Constraints in SQL
  • Specifying Attribute Constraints and Attribute Defaults
  • Specifying Key and Referential Integrity Constraints_1
  • Specifying Key and Referential Integrity Constraints_1
  • Specifying Key and Referential Integrity Constraints_2
  • Specifying Key and Referential Integrity Constraints_2
  • Giving Names to Constraints
  • Giving Names to Constraints
  • Specifying Constraints on Tuples Using CHECK_1
  • Specifying Constraints on Tuples Using CHECK_2
  • Basic Retrieval Queries in SQL
  • The SELECT-FROM-WHERE Structure of Basic SQL Queries_1
  • The SELECT-FROM-WHERE Structure of Basic SQL Queries_1
  • The SELECT-FROM-WHERE Structure of Basic SQL Queries_2
  • The SELECT-FROM-WHERE Structure of Basic SQL Queries_2
  • Ambiguous Attribute Names, Aliasing, Renaming and Tuple Variables
  • Tables as Sets in SQL
  • Order of Query Execution
  • Order of Query Execution
  • Ordering of Query Results_1
  • Ordering of Query Results_2
  • The UPDATE Command_1
  • The UPDATE Command_2
  • The DELETE Command_1
  • The DELETE Command_2
  • The INSERT Command_1
  • The INSERT Command_2
  • Additional Features of SQL_1
  • Additional Features of SQL_2
  • Create a Table Called Employee with the 2-Column Table Structure
  • Insert Any Five Records into the Table
  • Insert Any Five Records into the Table
  • Update the Column Details of Job
  • Update the Column Details of Job
  • Rename the Column of Employ Table Using Alter Command
  • Rename the Column of Employ Table Using Alter Command
  • Delete the Employee whose Emp no is 105
  • Delete the Employee whose Emp no is 105
  • Create Department Table with the 2-Column Table Structure
  • Add Column Designation to the Department Table
  • Add Column Designation to the Department Table
  • List the Records of Dept Table Grouped by Dept No
  • List the Records of Dept Table Grouped by Dept No
  • Insert Values into the Table
  • Insert Values into the Table
  • Update the Record where Dept No is 9
  • Update the Record where Dept No is 9
  • Delete any Column Data from the Table
  • Delete any Column Data from the Table
  • Queries Using DDL and DML
  • Create a User and Grant all Permissions to the User
  • Create a User and Grant all Permissions to the User
  • Insert any Three Records and Use Rollback
  • Insert any Three Records and Use Rollback
  • Add Primary Key Constraint and Not Null Constraint
  • Add Primary Key Constraint and Not Null Constraint
  • Insert Null Values to Employee Table
  • Insert Null Values to Employee Table
  • Create User and Grant All Permissions to User
  • Create User and Grant All Permissions to User
  • Insert Values in Department Table and Use Commit
  • Insert Values in Department Table and Use Commit
  • Add Constraints like Unique and Not Null
  • Add Constraints like Unique and Not Null
  • Insert Repeated Values and Null Values
  • Insert Repeated Values and Null Values
  • Design SQL Queries for Suitable Database Application Using SQL DML Statements
  • Design SQL Queries for Suitable Database Application Using SQL DML Statements
  • Design SQL Queries for Suitable Database Application Using SQL DML Statements
  • Comparisons Involving NULL and Three-Valued Logic
  • Nested Queries, Tuples and Set or Multi-Set Comparisons
  • Nested Queries, Tuples and Set or Multi-Set Comparisons - Examples
  • Nested Queries, Tuples and Set or Multi-Set Comparisons - Examples
  • Nested Queries - Comparison Operator
  • Nested Queries - Comparison Operator
  • Correlated Nested Queries
  • Correlated Nested Queries
  • Functions
  • Miscellaneous Functions
  • Miscellaneous Functions
  • The EXISTS and UNIQUE Functions in SQL
  • EXISTS Functions - Examples
  • EXISTS Functions - Examples
  • NOT EXISTS Functions
  • NOT EXISTS Functions
  • Explicit Sets and Renaming of Attributes in SQL
  • Join - Introduction
  • Cross Join
  • Cross Join
  • INNER Join
  • Inner Join with Condition Syntax
  • Inner Join with Condition Syntax
  • SELF Join
  • LEFT OUTER Join
  • Left Outer Join with Condition
  • Left Outer Join with Condition
  • RIGHT OUTER Join and FULL OUTER Join
  • Join - Examples_1
  • Join - Examples_2
  • Join - Alternate Syntax
  • Join - Syntax Error
  • Join - Syntax Error
  • Multi Way Join
  • Design and Develop SQL DDL statements_1
  • Design and Develop SQL DDL statements_1
  • Design and Develop SQL DDL statements_3
  • Design and Develop SQL DDL statements_3
  • Library Database
  • Library Database
  • Consider the schema for a Library Database: Write SQL queries to Retrieve details of all books in the library
  • Consider the schema for a Library Database: Write SQL queries to Get the particulars of borrowers who have borrowed more than 3 books, but from Jan 2022 to Jun 2022
  • Consider the schema for a Library Database: Write SQL queries to- Delete a book in BOOK table.
  • Consider the schema for a Library Database: Partition the BOOK table based on year of publication. Demonstrate its working with a simple query
  • Consider the schema for Order Database
  • Create Insertion of Values to Tables
  • Create Insertion of Values to Tables
  • Write SQL queries to: Find the name and numbers of all salesmen who had more than one customer.
  • Write SQL queries to: Find the name and numbers of all salesmen who had more than one customer.
  • Write SQL queries to: List all salesmen and indicate those who have customers in their cities (Use UNION operation.)
  • Write SQL queries to: List all salesmen and indicate those who have customers in their cities (Use UNION operation.)
  • Write SQL queries to: List all salesmen and indicate those who do not have customers in their cities (Use UNION operation.)
  • Write SQL queries to: List all salesmen and indicate those who do not have customers in their cities (Use UNION operation.)
  • Write SQL queries to: Create a view that finds the salesman who has the customer with the highest order of a day.
  • Write SQL queries to: Demonstrate the DELETE operation by removing salesman with id 1000. All his orders must also be deleted.
  • Querying (using ANY, ALL, IN, Exists, NOT EXISTS, UNION, INTERSECT, Constraints etc.) 1- for railway ticketing
  • Querying (using ANY, ALL, IN, Exists, NOT EXISTS, UNION, INTERSECT, Constraints etc.) 2
  • Display unique PNR_NO of all passengers
  • Display all the names of male passengers
  • Display the ticket numbers and names of all the passengers.
  • Find the ticket numbers of the passengers whose name start with ‘r’ and ends with ‘h’.
  • Find the names of Passengers whose age is between 30 and 45.
  • Display all the passenger’s names beginning with ‘A’.
  • Nested Queries_1
  • Nested Queries_2
  • Nested Queries_3
  • Queries Using Null Functions
  • Queries Using Null Functions
  • Design SQL Queries Using SQL DML Statements_4
  • Design SQL Queries Using SQL DML Statements_5
  • Design SQL Queries Using SQL DML Statements_6
  • Aggregate Functions in SQL
  • Order By Clause
  • Order By Clause- Example 1
  • Order By Clause- Example 1
  • Order By Clause- Example 2
  • Order By Clause- Example 2
  • Grouping
  • Grouping- Examples 1
  • Grouping- Examples 1
  • Grouping- Examples 2
  • Grouping- Examples 2
  • Grouping- Examples 3
  • Group By Errors
  • Specifying General Constraints as Assertions in SQL
  • Specifying General Constraints as Assertions in SQL - Example 1
  • Specifying General Constraints as Assertions in SQL - Example 1
  • Specifying General Constraints as Assertions in SQL - Example 2
  • Specifying General Constraints as Assertions in SQL - Example 2
  • Perform Query Using Aggregate Function_1
  • Perform Query Using Aggregate Function_2
  • Perform Query Using Aggregate Function_2
  • Credit 2 End Test
Eligibility Criteria
• Basic knowledge of computers and keen desire to build skills in this field.
• Open to students, job seekers, and working professionals.
Official Certification
• Official MKCL KLiC Certificate upon successful completion of the course and evaluations.
Work-Centric Learning Approach
• Step 1: Learners are given an overview of the course and its connection to life and work
• Step 2: Learners are exposed to the specific tool(s) used in the course through the various real-life applications of the tool(s).
• Step 3: Learners are acquainted with the careers and the hierarchy of roles they can perform at workplaces after attaining increasing levels of mastery over the tool(s).
• Step 4: Learners are acquainted with the architecture of the tool or tool map so as to appreciate various parts of the tool, their functions, utility and inter-relations.
• Step 5: Learners are exposed to simple application development methodology by using the tool at the beginner’s level.
• Step 6: Learners perform the differential skills related to the use of the tool to improve the given ready-made industry-standard outputs.
• Step 7: Learners are engaged in appreciation of real-life case studies developed by the experts.
• Step 8: Learners are encouraged to proceed from appreciation to imitation of the experts.
• Step 9: After the imitation experience, they are required to improve the expert’s outputs so that they proceed from mere imitation to emulation.
• Step 10: Emulation is taken a level further from working with differential skills towards the visualization and creation of a complete output according to the requirements provided. (Long Assignments)
• Step 11: Understanding the requirements, communicating one’s own thoughts and presenting are important skills required in facing an interview for securing a work order/job. For instilling these skills, learners are presented with various subject-specific technical as well as HR-oriented questions and encouraged to answer them.
• Step 12: Finally, they develop the integral skills involving optimal methods and best practices to produce useful outputs right from scratch, publish them in their ePortfolio and thereby proceed from emulation to self-expression, from self-expression to self-confidence and from self-confidence to self-reliance and self-esteem!

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Course Overview
  • Duration: 60 hours
  • Track: Software Development
  • Skill Level: Foundation
  • Language: English
  • Mode: Learn at ALC or at Home
  • Certificate: Official MKCL
Key Course Highlights:
  • Comprehensive DBMS Knowledge
  • Understand the fundamental concepts of database management systems, their architecture, and applications.
  • Explain the advantages and limitations of DBMS over traditional data storage methods.
  • Proficiency in ER Modelling
  • Develop and interpret ER diagrams to design effective database schemas.
  • Apply key concepts like attributes, relationships, and structural constraints to create accurate data models.
  • Relational Database Design Expertise
  • Convert ER models into relational schemas while maintaining data integrity and consistency.
  • Implement integrity constraints such as primary keys, foreign keys, and referential integrity.
  • SQL Query Development Skills
  • Write basic and advanced SQL queries for data manipulation, retrieval, and management.
  • Perform complex operations using joins, nested queries, aggregate functions, and set operations.
  • Data Integrity and Optimization
  • Ensure data consistency and integrity through the application of relational integrity constraints.
  • Optimize database performance using relational algebra and efficient query design.
  • Practical Database Applications
  • Solve real-world problems by designing and managing databases for applications like library and ticketing systems.
  • Gain hands-on experience with creating, updating, and querying databases through projects and exercises.
  • Client/Server and DBMS Tools Expertise
  • Understand and apply centralized and client/server DBMS architectures.
  • Use database utilities and tools to maintain, optimize, and secure databases.
  • Industry-Ready Skills
  • Develop the ability to design, implement, and manage databases for business and enterprise applications.
  • Acquire the skills necessary for roles like Database Administrator, SQL Developer, and Data Analyst.
  • These outcomes equip learners with the knowledge and practical skills required to excel in database design, management, and application development.
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